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CRC development prevention

CRC development prevention

Col­orec­tal can­cer is one of the most com­mon onco­log­i­cal dis­eases in eco­nom­i­cal­ly devel­oped coun­tries of the world.

On aver­age, CRC occurs in 1 of 23 peo­ple, regard­less of gender.

CRC development prevention

Before the dis­ease main­ly affect­ed peo­ple over 55 years old.

Today, col­orec­tal can­cer is diag­nosed in 1 out of 10, at the age less than 50.

CRC development prevention

The ear­li­er the pri­ma­ry tumor is detect­ed and the nec­es­sary treat­ment is started,
the high­er chances of com­plete recov­ery of a patient but the ini­tial stages of the CRC pro­ceed covert­ly, with­out spe­cif­ic severe symptoms.
More than 50% of the peo­ple with CRC have no symp­toms at all.

The most impor­tant role in the CRC pre­ven­tion is a time­ly exam­i­na­tion – screening.

Screening for colorectal cancer

Is a screen­ing for asymp­to­matic peo­ple in the CRC risk group.
To date, the fol­low­ing screen­ing meth­ods are used for this disease:

Analy­sis of fecal occult blood (hemo­cult test)

Dacty­lar rec­tal examination

Colonoscopy

Study using bar­i­um ene­ma and air contrast

Vir­tu­al colonoscopy

Biop­sy

The fecal hid­den blood test and colonoscopy are con­sid­ered the most effec­tive meth­ods for the ear­ly diag­no­sis of CRC.

Addi­tion­al research meth­ods that are used to define the extent of the tumor process (ultra­sound, CT, MRI, laparoscopy, deter­mi­na­tion of CEA, Ca19‑9 and oth­er markers).

  • Analy­sis of fecal occult blood (hemo­cult test)
  • Dacty­lar rec­tal examination
  • Colonoscopy
  • Study using bar­i­um ene­ma and air contrast
  • Vir­tu­al colonoscopy
  • Biop­sy
  • Addi­tion­al research meth­ods that are used to define the extent of the tumor process (ultra­sound, CT, MRI, laparoscopy, deter­mi­na­tion of CEA, Ca19‑9 and oth­er markers).

The fecal hid­den blood test and colonoscopy are con­sid­ered the most effec­tive meth­ods for the ear­ly diag­no­sis of CRC.

CRC development risk factors

The main risk fac­tors for CRC occurence are patien­t’s age, can­cer in the fam­i­ly his­to­ry and per­son­al med­ical his­to­ry or anamnesis.

1

Patient’s age

Most cas­es of CRC appearence belong to age group over 50 years.

2

Cancer in the family history

The fol­low­ing dis­eases are found in rel­a­tives’ anam­ne­sis: CRC, can­cer of the uterus, ovar­i­an can­cer, famil­ial ade­no­ma­tous poly­po­sis, hered­i­tary non-poly­po­sis colon cancer.

3

Personal anamnesis

Inflam­ma­to­ry bow­el dis­eases, polyps in the colon; type 2 dia­betes, obe­si­ty, as well hav­ing a pre­vi­ous surgery for colon or breast cancer.

4

Lifestyle

Peo­ple who lead a health detri­men­tal life: unac­tive, smok­ing, alco­hol abus­ing and with mal­nu­tri­tion have an increased risk of devel­op­ing col­orec­tal cancer.

1

Patient’s age

Most cas­es of CRC appearence belong to age group over 50 years.

2

Cancer in the family history

The fol­low­ing dis­eases are found in rel­a­tives’ anam­ne­sis: CRC, can­cer of the uterus, ovar­i­an can­cer, famil­ial ade­no­ma­tous poly­po­sis, hered­i­tary non-poly­po­sis colon cancer.

3

Personal anamnesis

Inflam­ma­to­ry bow­el dis­eases, polyps in the colon; type 2 dia­betes, obe­si­ty, as well hav­ing a pre­vi­ous surgery for colon or breast cancer.

4

Lifestyle

Peo­ple who lead a health detri­men­tal life: unac­tive, smok­ing, alco­hol abus­ing and with mal­nu­tri­tion have an increased risk of devel­op­ing col­orec­tal cancer.

Some CRC symptoms

Col­orec­tal can­cer is a mas­ter of dis­guise for oth­er dis­eases which com­pli­cates its diag­no­sis in case if exam­i­na­tion meth­ods are incor­rect­ly used.

Thus, can­cer of the right half of the colon may be accom­pa­nied by ane­mia, very sim­i­lar to iron defi­cien­cy. Tumors of the trans­verse colon are often per­ceived as chole­cys­ti­tis, pan­cre­ati­tis, gas­tri­tis. Bleed­ing undi­ag­nosed tumor has signs sim­i­lar to chron­ic hemorrhoids.

Having more than one symptom from the list below is a reason to immediately consult a doctor!

  • Changes in the bow­els’ func­tion (diar­rhea or con­sti­pa­tion), pain dur­ing defecation
  • Peri­od­ic aching pains in the abdomen, a feel­ing of con­stant discomfort
  • Nau­sea, vomiting
  • Rec­tal bleed­ing or blood in the stool
  • Feel­ing of incom­plete emty­ing of the bow­el after stool
  • Weight loss with­out appar­ent cause
  • Lack of appetite
  • Rapid sati­ety or bloating

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Remote Screening: Screen 2.0 System

In the near­est future Screen 2.0 expert infor­ma­tion sys­tem will be avail­able to web users.

The ser­vice is based on an online test for all the most sig­nif­i­cant risk fac­tors for the devel­op­ment of sev­en major types of can­cer — breast, cervix, colon and rec­tum, stom­ach, lung, prostate or melanoma.

The test ques­tions take into account all fac­tors, both increas­ing the risk of can­cer and reduc­ing it. Based on the test results, a par­tic­i­pant receives per­son­al rec­om­men­da­tions for exam­i­na­tions that he or she needs to pass.

more about fund and screening

Screen 2.0 sys­tem was devel­oped by the Can­cer Pre­ven­tion Fund in col­lab­o­ra­tion with the N.N. Petrov Сancer Research Insti­tute; algo­rithms for iden­ti­fy­ing risk groups and pre­scrib­ing rec­om­men­da­tions are based on the results of major inter­na­tion­al stud­ies and guide­lines cre­at­ed by lead­ing research orga­ni­za­tions, includ­ing the World Health Orga­ni­za­tion (WHO) and the Inter­na­tion­al Agency for Research on Can­cer (IARC).

The role of healthy living in the prevention of colorectal cancer

To reduce the risk of devel­op­ing CRC, it is rec­om­mend­ed to fol­low the rules below:

Eat more fruits and veg­eta­bles rich in fiber, whole­some bread, lean meat; replace meat with fish if possible.

Min­i­mize eat­ing exces­sive­ly fat and salty foods as well as preservatives.

Drink plen­ty of flu­ids and pri­mar­i­ly water.

Elim­i­nate smok­ing and alco­hol intake (includ­ing beer).

Mon­i­tor calo­ries intake with­out overeating.

Main­tain a nor­mal weight.

Reg­u­lar­ly mon­i­tor bow­el func­tion, fight con­sti­pa­tion, treat chron­ic lucer­a­tive col­i­tis, anal fis­sures, colon polyps in time.

Mon­i­tor ade­quate suf­fi­cient intake of vit­a­mins, pri­mar­i­ly A, C and E.

Prac­tice sports, excer­sice reg­u­lar­ly: at least 30 min­utes of walk­ing + at least 30 min­utes of phys­i­cal activ­i­ty daily.

Eat more fruits and veg­eta­bles rich in fiber, whole­some bread, lean meat; replace meat with fish if possible.

Min­i­mize eat­ing exces­sive­ly fat and salty foods as well as preservatives.

Drink plen­ty of flu­ids and pri­mar­i­ly water.

Elim­i­nate smok­ing and alco­hol intake (includ­ing beer).

Mon­i­tor calo­ries intake with­out overeating.

Main­tain a nor­mal weight.

Reg­u­lar­ly mon­i­tor bow­el func­tion, fight con­sti­pa­tion, treat chron­ic lucer­a­tive col­i­tis, anal fis­sures, colon polyps in time.

Mon­i­tor ade­quate suf­fi­cient intake of vit­a­mins, pri­mar­i­ly A, C and E.

Prac­tice sports, excer­sice reg­u­lar­ly: at least 30 min­utes of walk­ing + at least 30 min­utes of phys­i­cal activ­i­ty daily.

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